Healthy Coral Reef Discovered Near Kalpeni Island in Lakshadweep

Researchers have identified a vibrant and healthy coral reef in the northeast of Kalpeni Island in the Lakshadweep Archipelago.
The reef was documented during a marine biodiversity survey conducted by Research and Environmental Education Foundation with support from Baranna Dives. (Source: DTE)

It was one of 24 reefs recorded during the field study.

Significance of the Discovery

At a time when coral reefs globally are under stress due to climate change and pollution, the healthy reef near Kalpeni offers hope for conservation.

• Shows that resilient coral ecosystems still exist
• Provides a model for sustainable reef management
• Supports biodiversity conservation planning in Lakshadweep

What Are Coral Reefs?

Coral reefs are not rocks but colonies of tiny invertebrates called coral polyps.

• Hard (stony) corals secrete calcium carbonate skeletons that form reef structures
• Soft corals lack rigid skeletons

Hard corals are responsible for building reef frameworks.

Why Coral Reefs Are Called ‘Rainforests of the Oceans’

Coral reefs support nearly 25% of marine species, despite covering a small portion of the ocean floor.

They provide:

• Shelter and breeding grounds
• Feeding areas for fish and invertebrates
• High biodiversity and productivity

This ecological richness is why reefs are called “rainforests of the oceans.”

Role in Coastal Protection

Coral reefs play a crucial role in shoreline stability:

• Reduce wave energy
• Prevent coastal erosion
• Help form sediments that stabilise atolls like those in Lakshadweep

This is especially important for low-lying island ecosystems.

Ancient and Sensitive Ecosystems

Corals are among Earth’s oldest living organisms, with ancestors dating back over 500 million years.

However, reefs thrive in nutrient-poor waters through efficient recycling of nutrients, making them highly sensitive to disruptions like:

• Ocean warming
• Pollution
• Ocean acidification