India Pushes Satellite Internet for Digital Inclusion

Satellite internet, provided via satellites in Geostationary (GSO) and Non-Geostationary Orbits (NGSO), is emerging as a key technology to achieve Digital India’s vision of universal connectivity. The government is laying the groundwork for a robust satellite communication (Satcom) ecosystem, allowing internet access to reach any location across the country.

Regulatory Framework and Reforms

• In 2020, the government introduced Space Sector Reforms to encourage private sector participation in space activities.
• The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) regulates satellite-based communications, granting authorisations under the Unified Licence Regime.
• The reforms allow up to 100% Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in different space sector segments, either through automatic or government approval routes, liberalising private participation and transforming India’s Satcom landscape.

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Role of Key Agencies

• IN-SPACe (Indian National Space Promotion & Authorisation Centre): Promotes, authorises, and supervises space activities of non-governmental entities (NGEs), enabling private sector participation in satellite internet services.
• New Space India Ltd. (NSIL): A Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under the Department of Space, NSIL serves as the commercial arm of ISRO, operating 15 in-orbit communication satellites and providing space-based communication services for Indian users.

As of April 2025, over 10 satellite operators have applied for authorisation to provide satellite capacity in India, reflecting growing private sector interest in the nation’s satellite communication sector.

(PIB)