India’s Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA)

The recent approval of the Execution Model for the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) programme by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh on 27 May marks a significant milestone in India’s journey toward Atmanirbharta (self-reliance) in the defence sector. Here are the key highlights and implications of this development:

What is AMCA?

• A fifth-generation stealth fighter jet project being developed indigenously.
• Designed as a 25-tonne, twin-engine aircraft with:
  • Advanced stealth features (low radar cross-section and electromagnetic signature).
  • Internal weapons bay (for reduced radar detectability).
  • Internal fuel capacity of 6.5 tonnes.
  • Advanced sensors and avionics for superior situational awareness and combat ability.

Execution Model & Industry Participation

• Approved by the Defence Minister under the AMCA programme’s roadmap.
• Led by Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) under DRDO.
• Open to both public and private Indian industry players.
• Participants can bid:
  • Independently, or
  • As joint ventures or consortia.
• Ensures a competitive environment, promoting innovation and efficiency.

Development Phases

• AMCA Mk1:
  • Will use 90kN GE-414 engines (imported from the U.S.).
• AMCA Mk2:
  • Will incorporate indigenously developed 110kN engines, by GTRE (Gas Turbine Research Establishment) in partnership with a foreign defence major.

Strategic Importance

• The project, cleared by the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) in March 2024, has an estimated development cost of ₹15,000 crore.
• Positions India among a select group of nations capable of designing and producing fifth-generation fighter jets:
  • USA – F-22 Raptor, F-35 Lightning II
  • China – J-20 Mighty Dragon
  • Russia – Sukhoi Su-57

Implications for India

• Boosts self-reliance in high-tech defence manufacturing.
• Enhances combat readiness and air superiority.
• Provides a technology and economic boost to domestic aerospace and defence industries.
• Fosters public-private collaboration and encourages defence startups and MSMEs.

(Sources: IE & Mint)