Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)

The Government of India has reiterated its strong commitment to combating climate change and is actively implementing measures to achieve its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement.

About NDCs

• NDCs are crucial to the Paris Agreement, outlining each nation’s efforts to reduce emissions and adapt to climate change impacts.
• Countries are required to submit successive NDCs every five years to the UNFCCC secretariat, with each submission aiming for increased ambition.

India has achieved a significant milestone in its energy transition:

• Ahead of Schedule: As of June 2025, India has successfully met its NDC goal of having 50% of its installed electric power capacity sourced from non-fossil fuels. This remarkable achievement comes five years ahead of its committed timeline of 2030.
• Capacity Breakdown (as of June 30, 2025):
  • India’s total installed electricity capacity is 484.82 GW.
  • 242.78 GW (50.1%) comes from non-fossil fuel sources. This includes:
    • 184.62 GW from renewable energy (solar, wind, small hydro, biogas).
    • 49.38 GW from large hydropower.
    • 8.78 GW from nuclear energy.
  • The remaining 242.04 GW (49.9%) is from thermal energy.
• Historical Context: In 2015, non-fossil sources constituted only 30% of India’s capacity, increasing to 38% by 2020 before the recent rapid surge. Solar capacity alone has seen a more than 41-fold increase since 2014, reaching 116.25 GW by June 2025.
• Broader NDC Targets (Updated 2022): India’s updated NDCs for 2030 include:
  • Reducing the emissions intensity of its GDP by 45% from 2005 levels.
  • Achieving 50% of its cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel-based energy sources (now achieved ahead of schedule).
  • Creating an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent through increased forest and tree cover.
  • A long-term commitment to achieve Net Zero Emissions by 2070.