NHRC Issues Notice to Rajasthan Government over Kalbelia Community Burial Rights

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) on 29 January 2026 issued a notice to the Rajasthan government in connection with protests by the Kalbelia community in Barmer district. The protests were triggered by the community’s demand for a designated burial ground for their deceased members.

Burial Practices of the Kalbelia Community
Kalbelias follow the Nath tradition, under which the dead are buried rather than cremated. However, unlike other communities that have access to notified cremation grounds or graveyards, the Kalbelia community has not been allotted separate burial grounds by the local administration, leading to the current dispute.

Historical Background
The origins of the Kalbelia community can be traced back to the 12th century in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan. The community traditionally speaks Sapera, their distinct language.

From Snake Handling to Performing Arts
Historically known as professional snake handlers, the Kalbelias have transformed their traditional occupation into rich musical and dance forms. Their cultural expressions continue to evolve creatively while retaining strong links to their heritage.

Cultural Significance of Kalbelia Dance and Music
Kalbelia women, dressed in flowing black skirts, perform dances that emulate the serpentine movements of snakes, while men accompany them using traditional instruments such as the khanjari (a percussion instrument) and the poongi (a woodwind instrument traditionally used by snake charmers).

UNESCO Recognition
The Kalbelia folk songs and dances of Rajasthan were inscribed in 2010 on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, bringing global recognition to the community’s unique cultural traditions.

Sources: The Hindu and UNESCO