Nilgiri tahr population

A joint census conducted by Kerala and Tamil Nadu has reported a total population of 2,668 Nilgiri tahrs, a species endemic to the Western Ghats. This census marks a positive trend in the conservation of the state animal of Tamil Nadu.

Key Findings of the Census:

• Population Distribution:
  • Kerala: The state is home to 1,365 Nilgiri tahrs. The largest contiguous population, numbering 841, is found in the Eravikulam National Park (ENP). The Munnar landscape accounts for 90% of the state’s tahr population.
  • Tamil Nadu: A population of 1,303 tahrs was recorded. A major presence of the species is noted in the Mukurthi National Park and Grass Hills National Park, which are located across the border from Kerala.
• Conservation Success: The growing tahr population is attributed, in part, to a successful controlled burning practice in the Eravikulam National Park. The survey’s data reliability was improved by using standardized techniques like the ‘Bounded Count’ and ‘Double Observer’ methods.

About the Nilgiri Tahr:

• Status: The Nilgiri tahr is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List and is protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act of India, 1972.
• Unique Traits: Known for their “gravity-defying skills” in climbing steep cliffs, they are the only mountain ungulate in southern India.
• Historical and Cultural Significance: Historically, the species had a wider range across the Western Ghats, but this has been reduced due to human activities like plantations and infrastructure development. The Nilgiri tahr is mentioned in ancient Sangam Tamil literature, including the epics Silappathikaram and Sivakasindamani.
• Conservation Efforts: The Tamil Nadu government has launched ‘Project Nilgiri Tahr’ to further protect the species, and the joint census highlights the need for continued interstate cooperation for coordinated management of their habitats.

(Source: TH)