Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)

Health officials have confirmed the death of a 73-year-old woman from Nellikuzhi, Kothamangalam, due to Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare and lethal central nervous system infection.

About PAM

PAM is caused by Naegleria fowleri, a free-living, single-celled amoeba that is microscopic and thrives in warm, freshwater environments globally, including lakes, ponds, rivers, and occasionally, poorly maintained swimming pools. It can also exist in soil.

• Transmission: Infection typically occurs when contaminated water enters the nasal cavity, such as during swimming or submerging one’s head in warm freshwater. It can also be contracted by using contaminated tap water to rinse sinuses for health or religious reasons.
• Safety Note: The infection is not contracted by drinking water contaminated with the amoeba, nor can it be spread from person to person.
• Progression: While medical treatments exist, the infection is highly aggressive and often fatal.

Public Health Response

Following the confirmation of the case, local health authorities in the Nellikuzhi panchayat have initiated preventive measures, including the superchlorination of local water sources, such as wells, to mitigate further risk.

Health officials have urged the public to exercise caution, particularly by avoiding bathing or swimming in stagnant or unsafe freshwater bodies, especially during periods of high temperatures when water levels are low and temperatures are elevated.

Source: TH & US-CDC