According to the Government of India, the melting of glaciers in the Himalayas is increasingly influenced by rising aerosol levels, with both natural and human factors playing a role.
- A study conducted by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and Himalayan foothills unveiled elevated levels of aerosol pollution, impacting temperature, rainfall patterns, and glacier melting.
- The study identified black carbon (BC) aerosols, accounting for over 75% of absorption, as a significant contributing factor.
- Aerosols, responsible for over 50% of lower atmospheric warming, play a crucial role in India’s complex aerosol landscape.
Sources of aerosols
- Aerosols, tiny solid or liquid particles suspended in the air, can originate from both natural sources such as dust storms, sea spray, and volcanic eruptions, as well as human-made sources including industrial processes, vehicle emissions, and agricultural activities.
The implications of a significant increase in aerosol levels
1. Air Quality: Elevated aerosol levels can lead to poor air quality, posing health risks and respiratory issues for individuals exposed to polluted air.
2. Climate Impact: Aerosols influence the Earth’s climate by scattering and absorbing sunlight, as well as influencing cloud formation. Changes in aerosol levels can have regional and global climate effects.
3. Visibility: High aerosol concentrations can reduce visibility, impacting transportation and creating hazardous conditions for drivers, pilots, and other operators.
4. Environmental Impact: Increased aerosol levels can negatively affect ecosystems, influencing plant life, aquatic systems, and overall environmental health.
5. Weather Patterns: Aerosols can influence weather patterns by affecting cloud properties and precipitation. Changes in aerosol levels may have implications for local and regional weather conditions.
