Chocolate Mahseer

Why in News?

Sikkim Chief Minister Prem Singh Tamang released Chocolate Mahseer fish into the Rangeet River on 11 October 2026 during the Chirbirey River Fest near Jorethang. The initiative highlighted the importance of conserving indigenous fish species and protecting the aquatic biodiversity of Sikkim.

About Mahseer Fish

Mahseer refers to several large freshwater fish species found in South Asia, including India. Many species belong to the genus Tor and the carp family (Cyprinidae). The Chocolate Mahseer, however, belongs to the genus Neolissochilus.

Mahseer fish are recognised by their large scales along the lateral line and two pairs of barbels. Many species undertake seasonal migrations, moving upstream during the rainy season for breeding.

Important Species of Mahseer

• Chocolate Mahseer (Neolissochilus hexagonolepis): Found in the Indian Himalayan region, including parts of Northeast India.
• Golden Mahseer (Tor putitora): Inhabits Himalayan streams and rivers.
• Bluefin or Deccan Mahseer (Tor khudree): Found in rivers of the Deccan Plateau; it was first described by Sykes from the Mota Mola River near Pune.
• Red-finned Mahseer (Tor tor): Found in rivers of central India.
• Humpback Mahseer (Tor remadevii): Endemic to the Cauvery River system and threatened with extinction.

Humpback Mahseer: The Tiger of the Cauvery

The Humpback Mahseer is a distinctive freshwater fish popularly known as the “Tiger of the Cauvery River.” It is recognised as one of the world’s top 20 freshwater megafauna. The species received its formal scientific description as Tor remadevii in 2018, following advances in research on its taxonomy and ecology.

Its restricted distribution and conservation concerns make the protection of river habitats and migration routes particularly important.

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