India’s indigenous supercomputing journey

India’s indigenous supercomputing journey began with PARAM 8000, developed by C-DAC and unveiled in 1991 with a speed of 1 gigaflop.

The PARAM series evolved into more powerful systems, including PARAM Yuva, which achieved 54 teraflops.

The National Supercomputing Mission (NSM) was launched in 2015 to strengthen India’s high-performance computing capabilities and indigenous technology ecosystem.

As of September 2026, 40 supercomputers with a combined capacity of 68 petaflops (PF) had been deployed under the NSM.

The NSM aims to establish 50 supercomputers with a cumulative capacity of more than 123 PF.

PARAM Rudra represents a major step towards self-reliance, using indigenously designed and manufactured Rudra servers and an indigenous software stack.

Around 6,000 Rudra servers had been deployed by September 2026, with another 1,500 under manufacturing.

India has developed indigenous 100 Gbps and 200 Gbps high-speed interconnect technology for faster communication between computing nodes.

Indigenous cooling technology and a complete High-Performance Computing (HPC) software stack have also been developed.

PARAM Shavak is an India-made “supercomputing-in-a-box” designed for HPC and AI requirements of students and researchers.

Supercomputing is being used in weather forecasting, flood prediction, climate modelling, drug discovery, air-pollution modelling, seismic imaging and forest-fire prediction.

The National Knowledge Network (NKN) connects supercomputing facilities across academic and research institutions.

By September 2026, NSM infrastructure had supported 16,000+ researchers, including 2,900+ PhD scholars, across 400+ institutions.

The broader objective is to build a self-reliant, energy-efficient and secure supercomputing ecosystem integrating AI, HPC, academia, industry and research institutions.

Source: DD News

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