Paraquat ban in Telangana

Why in News?

The Government of Telangana has imposed a 60-day ban on the sale, use, and distribution of Paraquat under the Insecticides Act, citing risks to human and animal health. Earlier, Odisha had taken a similar step in 2023. Reports also indicate that the Central Government is considering a nationwide ban on Paraquat Dichloride following concerns over its severe health impacts. 

What is Paraquat?

• Paraquat Dichloride is a highly toxic, non-selective contact herbicide used for controlling weeds.
• It kills green plant tissues rapidly by disrupting photosynthesis.
• Due to its low cost, quick action, and effectiveness, it is among the most widely used herbicides in agriculture.
• Paraquat is extensively used in tea, rubber, coffee, cotton, paddy, wheat, maize, potato, grapes and apple cultivation, besides weed control in canals, ponds and waterways

Why is Paraquat Controversial?

• Health Risks:
  • Considered one of the most toxic agricultural chemicals in the world.
  • There is no specific antidote available for paraquat poisoning.
  • Even small quantities can be fatal if ingested.
  • Effects on Human Health
  • Severe lung damage and pulmonary fibrosis.
  • Acute kidney injury and kidney failure.
  • Liver damage.
  • Multiple organ failure.
  • Long-term exposure has been linked to increased risk of Parkinson’s disease.
• Risks to Animals
  • Highly toxic to livestock, pets, and wildlife.
  • Accidental exposure can lead to poisoning and death.

Regulatory Framework in India

Insecticides Act, 1968

• Regulates the import, manufacture, sale, transport, distribution, and use of insecticides and herbicides in India.
• Empowers governments to restrict or prohibit chemicals considered hazardous to humans, animals, or the environment.

Source: BL